三大从句（Clauses）¶
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从句的主要作用是使句子更复杂、更丰富，常用于复合句（complex sentence）中。
三大从句一览¶
- 名词性从句（Noun clauses）：整个从句 = 一个名词
- 定语从句（Adjective / Relative clauses）：相当于形容词的作用，修饰名词
- 状语从句（Adverb clauses）：相当于副词的作用，修饰动词、形容词或整个句子
名词性从句：在句中充当名词¶
主语从句（作主语）¶
- What he said is true.（他说的是真的）
- That she passed the exam surprised everyone.
宾语从句（作宾语）¶
- I think (that) he is right.（我认为他是对的）
- She asked where I lived.
表语从句（作表语）¶
- The problem is that we lack money.
- This is what I want.
同位语从句（解释说明名词）¶
- The news that he won excited us.
- I have no idea where she went.
定语从句：修饰名词或代词¶
关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that¶
- The man who called you is my uncle.
- This is the book (that/which) I bought.
关系副词：when, where, why¶
- I remember the day when we met.
- This is the place where I was born.
状语从句：修饰动词、形容词或整个句子¶
时间：when, while, before, after, until, since¶
- I'll call you when I arrive.
口语笔记：while 接“长动作”（持续过程），when 更倾向“短动作 / 时间点”。
条件：if, unless, as long as¶
- If it rains, we'll stay home.
原因：because, since, as¶
- Because I was tired, I went to bed early.
结果：so … that, such … that¶
- He ran so fast that nobody could catch him.
让步：although, though, even if¶
- Although it was cold, he wore a T-shirt.
目的：so that, in order that¶
- I'm saving money so that I can buy a car.
比较：than, as … as¶
- She is taller than I am.
想系统学“如果…就会… / 与事实相反的假设”，见 条件句与假设。